Use of Robotic Devices for Gait Training in Patients Diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis: Current State of the Art

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease that produces alterations in balance and gait in most patients. Robot-assisted gait training devices have been proposed as a complementary approach to conventional rehabilitation treatment as a means of improving these alterations. The aim of this study was to investigate the available scientific evidence on the benefits of the use of robotics in the physiotherapy treatment in people with MS. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was performed. Studies from the last five years on walking in adults with MS were included. The PEDro scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies, and the Jadad scale was used to assess the level of evidence and the degree of recommendation. Seventeen studies met the eligibility criteria. For the improvement of gait speed, robotic devices do not appear to be superior, compared to the rest of the interventions evaluated. The methodological quality of the studies was moderate–low. For this reason, robot-assisted gait training is considered just as effective as conventional rehabilitation training for improving gait in people with MS.